Fazal Majid's low-intensity blog

There are instances of chemical discoveries having a major impact on world history. Dr. Chaim Weizman helped the British World War I war effort by inventing a method to produce acetone, a fundamental component of explosives in those days. The Germans had a near stranglehold on chemistry in those days, thanks to their pioneering chemists and large industrial groups like the IG Farben cartel. The grateful British rewarded him with the Balfour declaration, the foundation for the later establishment of the state of Israel, of which Weizman became the first president.

Sometimes, the link is more indirect. Aspirin was purified in 1897 by Felix Hoffmann, a chemist working for Bayer who was looking for a drug to relieve his arthritic father’s pains. He took salicylic acid, the active principle behind willow bark tea (an ancient remedy mentioned as far back as Hippocrates), and found a way to synthesize sufficiently pure acetylsalicylic acid, much less irritating for the stomach lining.

In those days, medicine was just entering the scientific age (the conservative medical profession had long defended its turf, trying to shut down interlopers like surgeons or the chemist Pasteur), and modern drugs were few and in between. A potent medicine like aspirin was a godsend and used too often as a panacea.

Generations of inbreeding had led most of the royal families of Europe to be affected by various genetic diseases, the most prominent being hemophilia, a lack of clotting factors in the blood that can cause victims to literally bleed to death from the slightest cut. The tsarevich, heir to the throne of Russia was one of those affected. His physicians prescribed aspirin, the wonder drug from the West. As aspirin is a blood thinner, this actually worsened the hapless boy’s condition.

Enter Rasputin, a charismatic monk, who advised the royal family to shun the impious potions of the western heretics and to adopt his brand of faith healing. Removing the aspirin treatment led to an improvement in the tsarevich’s condition, thus sealing Rasputin’s influence over the queen.

Many historians believe Rasputin’s influence was one of the factors leading to the weakening of the Russian monarchy, leading to its eventual overthrow in 1917, followed by the rise of communism there. Thus did an act of filial piety lead to the fall of an empire.

Many e-commerce sites have session timeouts. Dawdle too long between the moment you enter the site and the moment you actually want to buy something, and you will be presented with an unpleasant message. The words “session timeout” will be there, drowned in a sea of technobabble, and you will have to restart from scratch. Using a bookmark will often have the same effect.

At this point, you may well be tempted to go shop elsewhere; indeed, it is the only principled response to such blatant contempt for customers. You will notice that successful sites like Amazon.com do not make their customers suffer such hassles – once you’re in, you are in, whether you have to take a lunch break or not. I don’t buy the security argument either – there is nothing sensitive about the contents of a cart, security belongs at checkout time, not browse time.

The reason why such crimes against usability are perpetrated is that business requirements too often take a back seat to technical expediency, paradoxically most often due to lack of technical competence. Many web development environments keep track of what you do on a website, the contents of your cart, and so on, in “sessions”, portions of memory that are set aside for this book-keeping purpose. They cannot be set aside forever, and must be purged to make room for new customers.

The tyro programmer will leave the default policy in place, which is to dump the session altogether and place the burden of recovering state on the customer. More experienced programmers will implement the session mechanism in a database so it can be kept almost indefinitely. In an era where disk space costs a dollar or two per gigabyte, and a desktop computer has enough processing power to crunch tens of thousands of transactions per minute, there is no justification for not doing so.

This morning, while walking to work, I noticed a brand new Richart Chocolates shop on Sutter street. Apparently it opened a month ago.

Richart is a Paris chocolatier who pioneered ornately decorated chocolate palets (their byline used to be “Richart - Art et Chocolat”) with daring combinations of tastes.

They are as overpriced as in Paris, but make for a classy gift (many French companies send out Richart chocolates around Christmas as corporate gifts).

Update (2013-04-20):

They closed some time ago.

Homo trium literarum (man of three letters) is a synonym for thief in the 1922 edition of Roget’s thesaurus. The latin word for thief is fur, hence the pedantic periphrase. The only record I find of it ever being used was by Wedderburn, the British Solicitor-General against Benjamin Franklin, in front of the Privy Council:

I hope, my Lords, he exclaimed, with thundering voice and vehement beating of his fist on the cushion before him – I hope, my Lords, you will mark and brand the man, for the honour of this country, of Europe, and of mankind… He has forfeited all the respect of societies and of men. Into what companies will he hereafter go with an unembarrassed face, or the honest intrepidity of virtue? Men will watch him with a jealous eye; they will hide their papers from him, and lock up their escritoirs. He will henceforth esteem it a libel to be called a man of letters; homo trium literarum (i.e., fur, thief!).

Franklin had made public letters from the governor of Massachusetts, where the latter urged the British government to take draconian measures against the colonists.

That said, with so many CEOs and CFOs implicated in corporate embezzlement, this quaint expression might be overdue for a revival…

Berkeley-based chocolatier Scharffen-Berger finally yielded to customer demand and introduced milk chocolate to their line, much to the gnashing of teeth of dark chocolate snobs nationwide, no doubt. According to the salesman at Fog City News, where I bought my bar, it has been available for two weeks now, even though the company’s own website apparently makes no mention of it.

It has a high cocoa content (41%), and has the brand’s distinctive rich flavor and long finish, although I find it a little bit too sweet. My preferred brand of premium milk chocolate remains Michel Cluizel, with their amazing 50% Java cocoa milk chocolate bars.