Soapbox

National Geographic aired a special today on Fox, mixing interesting prerecorded footage on how the logistics of building the pyramids were handled (by skilled workers augmented by seasonal labor, well fed and treated, not slaves). What mars this show are the two “live” publicity stunts, opening a 4500-year sarcophagus and drilling a hole through an obstruction in a narrow shaft leading from the Queen’s Chamber.

I had a feeling of déjà vu: I remember seeing a documentary on TV about a German engineer who designed a robot, “Upuaut” to explore that same shaft. I only caught the National Geographic special halfway through, but there did not seem to be any credit given to the truly original work done by the Upuaut project. There are other unpleasant aspects to this show, such as the frequent name-dropping with the two featured archeologists, and the on-screen histrionics of one of them, an Egyptian who is also his government’s chief official archeologist (not to mention the conflicts of interest between his official position and the one he holds with National Geographic).

Even the presenter’s pompous final words rankle: “We still stand on sacred ground, home to the world’s first great civilization”, as if that distinction did not in fact belong to Uruk and Susa, in ancient Sumer and Elam in Mesopotamia (modern-day Irak and Iran).

A quick search on Google found an interesting page on this subject. All in all, this is a rather unpleasant spectacle of self-aggrandizement and boosterism, and I am rather disappointed by National Geographic’s unseemly behavior.

I do not agree with most of the latter website’s flights of fancy. Napoléon Bonaparte started Egyptomania with his 1798 expedition to Egypt, and ever since, all sorts of pseudo-mystical fantasies have grown around the supposed cosmic significance of the pyramids. Indeed, one can read Martin Gardner’s excellent book Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science to see how Jehovah’s Witnesses were originally an apocalyptic sect who thought the shape of the great pyramid’s main shaft predicted history and the coming end of the world. When the apocalypse failed to occur, twice, they moved on to slightly more mainstream beliefs…

On a lighter tone:

• A hilarious cartoon on User-Friendly.
• Terry Pratchett’s Pyramids, set in the Discworld but with thinly veiled references to Egypt.
• P.J. O’Rourke’s great article on Egypt in The Atlantic

I recently upgraded my laptop, and donated my old (but still functional) one to StreetTech, a group that trains disadvantaged youths so they can obtain certifications that will get them jobs in IT. I found them using the Cristina foundation, an organization that matches donors to groups like StreetTech.

If you are a compulsive computer shopper like myself, who has functional but not-quite bleeding edge equipment lying around gathering dust, or an IT manager in a company looking to upgrade its computer fleet, please consider donating them this way rather than putting them on eBay. It’s certainly a much better way of disposing of old computers than this one in China.

One of the unquestioned assumptions behind object-oriented programming is that objects are instances of a class, and thus implicitly stay that way. This is akin to the philosophical concept of nature, as in an invariant quality of something, that cannot be changed:

But is there any one thus intended by nature to be a slave, and for whom such a condition is expedient and right, or rather is not all slavery a violation of nature?

There is no difficulty in answering this question, on grounds both of reason and of fact. For that some should rule and others be ruled is a thing not only necessary, but expedient; from the hour of their birth, some are marked out for subjection, others for rule.

…

Again, the male is by nature superior, and the female inferior; and the one rules, and the other is ruled; this principle, of necessity, extends to all mankind.

…

It is clear, then, that some men are by nature free, and others slaves, and that for these latter slavery is both expedient and right.

Aristotle, Politics I, 5 (emphasis mine)

Needless to say, this concept is reactionary. One may well object that given slavery’s omnipresence in antiquity, even a great philosopher such as Aristotle could not be entirely free of the prejudices of his time. This conveniently ignores the fact Aristotle was a pupil of Plato, himself a disgruntled aristocrat who collaborated with Spartans when they overthrew Athenian democracy after the Peloponnesian war, and is arguably one of the theoretical founders of the totalitarian state. I would say it is rather the presumed greatness of Aristotle that should be reexamined, but I digress. For more on this subject, read Karl Popper’s The Open Society and its Enemies – Volume 1, The Spell of Plato.

Thus, OOP carries within it the conservatism of Plato and Aristotle, people who resented how the young Athenian democracy had usurped the aristocracy’s natural (in their eyes) right to rule over others. This is not just an academic consideration. Computer programmers influence society, specially those who work for governmental information systems, and if you consider the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, the language they use affects the way they think.

This is why I like Python’s ability to morph an object from one class to another:

Python 2.2.1 (#1, Apr 18 2002, 13:06:27)
[GCC 2.95.3 20010315 (release)] on sunos5
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class Slave:
...     def whip(self):
...             return 'Yes, master'
...
>>> class Freeman:
...     def whip(self):
...             return 'Die, fascist scum!'
...
>>> man = Slave()
>>> man.whip()
'Yes, master'
>>> man.__class__ = Freeman
>>> man.whip()
'Die, fascist scum!'

Weiler’s law: Nothing is impossible for the man who doesn’t have to do it himself.

An interesting column in the Guardian on “Chicken Hawks“, people who generally advocate aggressive military intervention while they themselves were enthusiastic draft-dodgers during the Vietnam war.

During World War I, while the flower of Europe’s youth was being packed off to be butchered by the millions in places like Verdun, cowards who had managed to be exempted had the gall to criticize loudly the supposed timidity of the soldiers and generals from the safety of the rear. This was captured memorably in novels like Erich Maria Remarque’s “Im Westen, nichts Neues” (Nothing new on the Western front).

This bred huge resentment among returning veterans that led to the takeover of Germany by the Nazis and the rise of fascistic movements that fatally wounded the French Republic, leading to the Pétain collaborationist regime. Heinlein’s “Starship Troopers” explores this idea further in a world where citizenship is contingent on military service.

Update (2002-10-25):

An excellent article illustrating how brazen chickenhawks can be. To quote the tag line: Jeff Berry doesn’t like it when draft dodgers question the patriotism of veterans.

Le Monde article in French (good to see that in France at least, Mathematics can still make the front page, an editorial page and a biographical profile in the newspaper of record)

For the French-challenged, the Mathematical Association of America article.

The prestigious Fields Medal is the equivalent of the Nobel prize for Mathematics (except, unlike the more pedestrian Nobels, it is awarded only once every four years). One of the winners this year is Laurent Lafforgue.

He was one of my TAs preparing us for the competitive entrance exams to the Grandes Écoles like Polytechnique or Normale Sup (a “colleur” in French) when I was in my first year of preparatory classes at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. The problem, of course, was that he was so brilliant he had no idea which problems were reasonable and which all but impossible for lesser mortals…

Update (2002-09-23): Salon.com has an article as well.